Length: India has a vast coastline that stretches approximately 7,517 kilometers (4,671 miles) along the mainland and the surrounding islands.
Coastline States: India has a total of nine coastal states, which are Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and West Bengal. Additionally, the Union Territories of Daman and Diu, and Puducherry also have coastal areas.
Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal: India’s coastline is primarily bordered by the Arabian Sea on the western side and the Bay of Bengal on the eastern side. The southernmost tip of the Indian mainland, Kanyakumari, is the meeting point of these two bodies of water.
Islands: India has several islands along its coastline. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located in the Bay of Bengal, while the Lakshadweep Islands are situated in the Arabian Sea. These islands are known for their stunning natural beauty and biodiversity.
Ports: India has numerous major ports along its coastline, which play a significant role in the country’s trade and commerce. Some prominent ports include Mumbai Port Trust, Chennai Port Trust, Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (Nhava Sheva), Visakhapatnam Port Trust, and Kolkata Port Trust.
Coastal Ecosystems: India’s coastline is home to diverse ecosystems, including mangrove forests, estuaries, coral reefs, and sandy beaches. These ecosystems support a rich variety of flora and fauna, and they play a crucial role in maintaining coastal biodiversity and protecting against coastal erosion.
Fishing and Marine Resources: The coastal regions of India are important for fishing and marine resources. Fishing is a significant economic activity in many coastal communities, providing livelihoods for millions of people. India has a variety of fish species, including sardines, mackerel, prawns, and tuna.
Marine National Parks: India has established several marine national parks and wildlife sanctuaries along its coastline to protect and preserve its marine biodiversity. For example, the Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park in Tamil Nadu and the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are notable marine conservation areas.
Seafaring History: India has a rich history of seafaring and maritime trade, dating back thousands of years. The ancient ports of Lothal, Dholavira, and Muziris were significant centers of trade during ancient times, connecting India to other parts of the world.
Coastal Tourism: India’s coastline attracts a significant number of tourists each year. The picturesque beaches, water sports activities, seafood, and cultural attractions along the coast make it a popular destination for both domestic and international travelers.